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Add Matsutake to the International List of
Endangered or Threatened Species? |
31686
Federal Register /
Vol. 66, No. 113 / Tuesday, June 12, 2001 / Notices
DEPARTMENT OF THE
INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife
Service Request
for Information and Recommendations
on Species To Consider
for Changes to the CITES Appendices
AGENCY: Fish
and Wildlife Service, Interior.
ACTION: Request
for information.
SUMMARY: In
order to implement the Convention
on International Trade in Endangered
Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES), the Parties to the Treaty periodically
meet to review which species
in international trade should be regulated,
and other aspects of implementation
of the treaty. We have been
informed that the twelfth meeting of
the Conference of the Parties to CITES (COP12)
will be held in November 2002, in
Santiago, Chile. We are, therefore, soliciting
recommendations for amending
Appendices I and II of CITES at
COP12. We invite information and comment
from the public on animal and plant
species that should be considered as
candidates for U.S. proposals to amend
CITES Appendix I or II. Such amendments
may concern the addition of
species to Appendix I or II, the transfer
of species from one Appendix to
another, or the removal of species from
Appendix II. We are also seeking information
and comment from the public
on the biological and trade status of
selected species identified at the end of
this notice.
DATES: We
will consider all information and
comments received by August 13, 2001.
ADDRESSES: Send
correspondence concerning
this request pertaining to species
amendments to: Chief, Division of
Scientific Authority; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; 4401 North Fairfax Drive,
Room 750; Arlington, Virginia 222031610,
or via E-mail to: fw9iadsa@fws.gov. Comments
and materials received
will be available for public inspection
by appointment from 8 a.m. to
4 p.m., Monday through Friday, at the Division
of Scientific Authority.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT: Dr.
Susan Lieberman, Chief,
Division of Scientific
Authority, phone 7033581708,
fax 7033582276,
E-mail: fw9ia_dsa@fws.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY
INFORMATION:
Background
The Convention on
International Trade
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
and Flora, (hereinafter referred to as
CITES or the Convention), is an international
treaty designed to control and
regulate international trade in certain
animal and plant species that are now
or potentially may become threatened
with extinction. These species
are listed in the Appendices to CITES.
You may obtain copies of the list of
CITES species, and the text of the treaty,
from the Division of Scientific Authority
at the above address, from our web
site http://international.fws.gov/,
or from the
official CITES Secretariat web site
at http://www.cites.org/.
Currently 152 countries, including the Convention.
The treaty states that a biennial
meeting of the Conference of the
Parties will be held to consider amendments
to the list of species in Appendices
I and II, review issues pertaining
to CITES implementation, make
provisions enabling the CITES Secretariat
in Switzerland to carry out its
functions, consider reports presented by
the Secretariat, and make recommendations
for the improved effectiveness
of CITES. Any country that is
a Party to CITES may propose and vote
on amendments to Appendices I and
II (species proposals), resolutions, decisions,
discussion papers, and agenda
items for consideration at biennial
meetings of the Conference of the
Parties. The text of any proposal must
be submitted to the CITES Secretariat
at least 150 days before the meeting.
The Secretariat must then consult
the other Parties and appropriate
intergovernmental agencies, and
communicate their responses to all Parties
no later than 30 days before the meeting.
This is the first in a series of Federal
Register notices
that, together with announced
public meetings, provide an opportunity
for the public to participate in
the development of the United States negotiating
positions for the twelfth regular
meeting of the Conference of the Parties
to CITES (COP12). Our regulations
governing this public process
are found in 50 CFR 23.3123.39.
We have been informed that COP12
will be held in November 2002, in
Santiago, Chile.
Request for
Information and Comments
One of the
purposes of this first notice
is
to solicit information that will help us identify
species that the United States should
propose as candidates for addition,
removal, or reclassification in the
CITES Appendices, or to identify issues
warranting attention by the CITES
Nomenclature Committee. This request
is not limited to species occurring
in the United States. Any Party
may submit proposals concerning animal
or plant species occurring in the wild
anywhere in the world. We encourage
the submission of information
on species for possible inclusion
in the Appendices if these species
are subject to international trade that
may be detrimentally impacting the status
of the species. Complete proposals
are not being requested at this time,
but are always welcome. Rather, we
are asking interested persons to submit
convincing information describing:
(1) The status of the species, especially
trend information; (2) conservation
and management programs for
the species, including the effectiveness
of enforcement efforts; and (3)
the level of domestic as well as international
trade in the species, especially
trend information. Any other relevant
information can also be provided.
References are appreciated.
The
term species is defined in CITES
as any
species, sub-species, or geographically
separate population thereof.
Each species for which trade
is controlled
is included in one of three Appendices,
either as a separate listing or
incorporated within the listing of a higher
taxon. The basic standards for inclusion
of species in the Appendices are
contained in Article II of CITES. Appendix
I includes species threatened with
extinction that are or may be affected
by trade. Appendix II includes species
that, although not necessarily now
threatened with extinction, may become
so unless trade in them is strictly
controlled. Appendix II also lists species
that must be subject to regulation
in order that trade in other CITES-listed species may be brought under
effective control. Such listings frequently
are required because of difficulty
in distinguishing specimens of currently
or potentially threatened species
from other species at ports of entry.
Appendix III includes species that
any Party country identifies as being
subject to regulation within its jurisdiction
for purposes of preventing or
restricting exploitation and for which it
needs the cooperation of other Parties to
control trade. Since species are listed in
Appendix III unilaterally by any country,
we are not seeking input on possible
U.S. Appendix-III listings in this
Notice.
CITES
specifies that international trade
in any readily recognizable part or derivative
of animals listed in Appendix I
or II, or plants listed in Appendix I, is subject
to the same conditions that apply
to trade in the whole organism. With
certain standard exclusions formally
approved by the Parties, the same
applies to the readily recognizable parts
and derivatives of most plant species
listed in Appendix II. Parts and derivatives
usually not included (i.e., not
regulated) for Appendix-II plants are:
Seeds, spores, pollen (including pollinia),
and seedling or tissue cultures obtained
in vitro and transported in sterile
containers. You may refer to 50 CFR
23.23(d), and the October 6, 1995, Federal
Register (60 FR
52450) and February
22, 1996, Federal
Register (61
FR 6793) for further
exceptions and limitations.
In 1994, the CITES Parties
adopted criteria for
inclusion of species in Appendices
I and II (in Resolution Conf. 9.24).
These criteria apply to all listing proposals
and are available from the CITES
Secretariat web site, http://www.cites.org/
, or upon request
from the Division of
Scientific Authority (see ADDRESSES
section above).
Resolution
Conf. 9.24
also established a format for complete
proposals.
What Information
Should Be Submitted?
In response to this
Notice, to provide
us
information on species subject to international
trade for possible proposals
to amend the Appendices, please
include as much of the following information
as possible in your submission:
(1) Scientific name and
common name;
(2) Population size
estimates (including
references if available);
(3) Population trend
information;
(4) Threats to species
status (other than
from trade);
(5) Level/trend of
international trade (as
specific as possible but without a request
for new searches of Service records);
(6) Level/trend in total
take from the wild
(as specific as reasonable); and
(7) Short summary
statement clearly presenting
the rationale for inclusion in or
delisting from one of the Appendices, including
which of the criteria in Resolution
Conf. 9.24 are met.
If
you wish to submit more complete proposals
for us to consider, please consult
Resolution Conf. 9.24 for the format
for proposals and a detailed explanation
of each of the categories.
Proposals to transfer a
species from Appendix
I to Appendix II, or to remove a
species from Appendix II, must also be in
accordance with the precautionary measures
described in Annex 4 of Resolution
Conf. 9.24. If you have information
and comments on species that
are potential candidates for CITES proposals,
we encourage you to contact our
Division of Scientific Authority.
What Will We Do With
the Information We
Receive?
One important function of
the CITES Scientific
Authority of each country is the
monitoring of international trade in plant
and animal species, and ongoing scientific
assessments of the impact of that
trade on species. For native U.S. species,
we monitor trade and export permits
we authorize, to be assured that trade
remains sustainable (for Appendix-II
species). We also work closely
with our States, to be assured that
species are correctly listed in the CITES
Appendices (or not listed, if a listing
is not warranted). We actively seek
information about U.S. and foreign species
subject to international trade. The
information submitted will help us monitor
trade and its impact, as well as help
us decide if we should submit or co-sponsor
a proposal to amend the CITES
Appendices. However, there may be
species that qualify for CITES listing for
which we decide not to submit a proposal
to COP12. Our decision will be based
on a number of factors, including scientific
and trade information, whether
or not the species is native to the
United States and, for foreign species,
whether or not a proposal is supported
or co-sponsored by at least one
range country for the species. We will
consult range countries for foreign species,
and for species we share with other
countries, subsequent to receiving and
analyzing the information provided by
the public. The lists that follow includes
species that we are considering based
on our monitoring efforts since COP11.
Proposals for some of the species
on this list were submitted or co-sponsored
by the United States at COP11,
but were not adopted for a number
of reasons. We encourage the submission
by the public of any new scientific
or trade information on these species
so that we can decide if we will re-submit
proposals for them (or not). Including
a species here does not mean that
we will necessarily submit a proposal
for it. For native U.S. species, we
will share information provided to us
with the States, to assist them with their
management of the species, and to enable
a productive State-Federal dialogue
on whether or not CITES listing
would assist the States in the conservation
of these species.
There
may be species which meet the criteria
for CITES Appendix I or II but do
not appear in the lists below because of
inadequate or anecdotal information in
our records. We will continue to consult
with other Federal and State agencies,
academia, the public, and other
countries to obtain information on additional
species that may qualify for CITES
listing and will report our findings
in subsequent Federal
Register notices
prior to COP12.
What
Species Are We Considering for Proposals,
and for Which Species Are We
Requesting Additional Information?
PARTIAL
LIST
We are soliciting
additional information on the following species native to the United States and
Canada that are used in the
herbal medicinal market. In particular, we solicit information on the biological
and trade status of these taxa,
and whether or not they meet the CITES criteria for listing in Appendix II.
Species |
Geographic
scope |
Caulophyllum
thalictroides (blue
cohosh) |
U.S.A. and
Canada (New Brunswick). |
Dioscorea
villosa (wild yam) |
North and
Central America. |
Drosera spp. (sundews) |
U.S.A. and
Canada. |
Ligusticum
porteri (osha) |
U.S.A.
(Western states). |
Rhamnus
(=Frangula) purshiana (cascara
sagrada) |
U.S.A. and
Canada (Western states and B.C.). |
Tricholoma
magnivelare (American matsutake
mushroom) |
U.S.A.
(California, Oregon, and Washington). |
Trillium
erectum (Beth root) |
U.S.A.
(Eastern states). |
Usnea sp. (tree lichen) |
U.S.A. |
Future Actions
The next regular meeting
of the Conference of
the Parties (COP12) is expected
to be held in November 2002 in
Chile, and we have developed a tentative
schedule to prepare for it. Any proposals
to amend Appendix I or II must
be submitted by the United States to
the CITES Secretariat 150 days prior to
the start of COP12 (i.e., in June 2002).
We are initiating
this request for status and
trade information on species with ample
time to seek greater involvement of
State wildlife and natural resource agencies
and the public in the review process.
Thus, after this initial request for
species to consider, the State animal and
plant conservation agencies will be asked
for specific status and management
information on those native
species that warrant further consideration.
After review of any information
received, we will make some
preliminary decisions and will seek
assistance in developing more complete
proposals during the summer and
fall of 2001.
We plan
to publish a Federal
Register submitted
by the United States and to solicit
further information and comments
on them, as well as to provide
summary comments on information
provided in response to this notice.
In January 2002, we plan to hold a
public meeting to allow for additional input.
We will consult all CITES Parties within
the geographic range of species we
are considering proposing for amendments
to the Appendices by March
2002, so that final proposals will have
the benefit of their consideration and
comments. This is consistent with CITES
Resolution Conf. 8.21. Another Federal
Register notice
in July 2002 will announce
our final decisions and those species
proposals submitted by the United
States to the CITES Secretariat.
Through
a series of additional notices in
advance of COP12, we will solicit recommendations
for possible agenda items
and resolutions designed to improve
the implementation of the Convention,
inform the public about preliminary
and final negotiating positions
on resolutions and amendments
to the Appendices proposed
by other Parties for consideration
at COP12, and explain how
observer status is obtained for non-governmental organizations
that plan to attend.
We will also publish announcements
of public meetings expected
to be held in January 2002 and August
2002, to receive public input on U.S.
positions regarding COP12 issues.
Authors:
This notice was prepared by staff
of the Division of Scientific Authority.
Dated: May 22, 2001.
Marshall
P. Jones, Jr.,
Acting
Director.
[FR
Doc. 0114807
Filed 61101;
8:45 am]
BILLING
CODE 431055U
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